How Long Do Canned Goods Last?

How Long Do Canned Goods Last? A Comprehensive Shelf-Life Guide

Canned goods are a cornerstone of emergency preparedness, providing an affordable, long-lasting, shelf-stable option for any stockpile. But how long do they truly last, and what do those dates on the can mean? Understanding the shelf life of canned goods helps you use them more effectively and avoid unnecessary waste. Here’s a comprehensive guide to maximizing the value and safety of your canned goods.

In this guide, we’ll explore the shelf life of canned goods, proper storage tips, and signs of spoilage to help you protect your family’s food supply.

Understanding Dates on Canned Goods

When it comes to canned goods, understanding food labels is crucial. Here are the main types of date labels you might encounter, each serving a different purpose:

Best By: This date indicates peak quality, not safety. Foods are typically still safe to eat after this date, though they may change in texture or flavor.

Use By: Generally found on perishable items like milk and less common on canned goods, this date suggests the last day for optimal quality. It’s best to consume the food by this date, though it may still be safe afterward.

Sell By: Intended for store management, this date helps retailers rotate stock. It can be confusing for consumers, as it isn’t a safety indicator. (As of 2024, California has banned this label on consumer goods to help reduce food waste, leaving only “Best By” and “Use By” labels for clarity.)

General Shelf Life of Canned Goods

While canned goods have an impressively long shelf life when stored properly, quality does decrease over time. Here’s an overview of expected shelf life by food type:

Low-Acid Foods (meats, beans, soups, and vegetables): These foods can last 2 to 5 years or even longer when stored well.

High-Acid Foods (tomatoes and fruits): These items have a shorter shelf life, typically 1 to 1.5 years.

Factors that Affect Shelf Life of Canned Goods

To maximize the longevity of your canned goods, follow these best practices:

Storage Conditions

• Cool and Dry: Aim for a storage space between 50-70°F, ideally below 85°F, and avoid heat, humidity, and sunlight, as these can degrade quality.
• Avoid Freezing: Freezing can cause the can’s contents to expand, potentially cracking or splitting the can.

Can Integrity

• Check Before Use: Ensure cans are free of rust, dents, or bulges—these may indicate unsafe food.

Proper Handling

• First In, First Out (FIFO): Use older cans before newer ones by labeling cans with purchase or expiration dates. This method helps maintain freshness and reduces waste.

Signs of spoilage: Recognizing When Canned Goods are No Longer Safe to Eat

Canned foods generally last for years, but it’s crucial to recognize spoilage signs. Before opening, check for:

• Bulging Lids: A bulging lid can signal bacterial growth and potential danger.
• Odd Smells: If the food smells sour or unusual, it’s best to discard it.
• Unusual Color or Texture: Any noticeable changes should raise concerns.
• Leaking or Rusted Cans: Cans showing corrosion or leaks are best avoided.
• Spurting Liquid: Liquid spurting upon opening can indicate spoilage.

Tip: “When in doubt, throw it out.” It’s better to discard questionable items than risk illness.

Tips for Short-Term Canned Food Storage

Inventory Set up – For those with large stockpiles, consider setting up a simple inventory system. Apps, spreadsheets, or even a basic logbook can make it easier to stay organized and avoid unintentional waste.

Label the lids – Write the use-by date on each lid AND the expected shelf life using the information you learn above under “General Shelf Life of Canned Goods”. This will help you more easily keep track of each can’s true shelf life.

Incorporate into meals – Rather than letting canned goods sit on the shelf, follow the “Store what you eat and eat what you store” rule.  Incorporate canned goods into everyday meals to keep your stock rotated and as fresh as possible.

Learn more about building and maintaining short-term food storage

Conclusion

Canned goods provide a convenient, long-lasting source of food for your family. By understanding their shelf life, learning how to store them properly, and following regular rotation practices, you can ensure food safety while making canned food an effective part of your short-term food storage strategy. With a few simple steps, you can minimize waste and enjoy the security of a well-maintained food reserve.