Top 10 Alternative Water Sources and How to Safely Use Them

In an emergency, access to clean drinking water becomes critical for survival. While it’s ideal to have stored water ready for such scenarios, sometimes you may need to source water from your surroundings. Knowing where to find safe water sources and how to treat water properly is essential. In this post, we’ll cover potential water sources inside and outside your home and provide tips on collection methods during an emergency.

In this post, we’ll take a look at two general categories of where to find these alternative water sources: indoor and outdoor.

Finding Indoor Water Sources in an Emergency

Your water storage is your first go-to and your safest source. But what happens if you run out and are still in need of an emergency water supply? The first place you can look for water is inside your home. Here are some options.

Toilet Tank

The amount of water that a typical toilet tank holds varies depending on the model. Most standard tanks typically hold between 1. 5 to 7 gallons of water. It’s not a lot but every little bit helps. It can be used if it hasn’t been treated with any cleaning chemicals or disinfectants. Don’t get this “tap” water supply confused with toilet bowl water which should not be used.

Water Heater

Many water heaters hold at least 75 gallons of water. To access it, first ensure the electricity or gas is turned off and turn any hot water faucet in your home to the right. This will allow needed air into the system. You can then use the drain valve at the bottom of the heater to collect water in containers. This water is the same as tap water and doesn’t require treatment.

Melting Ice

Most of us have ice in our freezer. However, making plans to strategically use it as a water source during an emergency can be often overlooked idea. Because it can be used as a source of drinking water, be proactive and make sure that your tray is always full or that your automatic ice maker works. If your freezer has room, freeze more ice than you may otherwise.

Condensation

In an emergency, collecting condensation can be a creative way to source water. Place plastic wrap or bags over indoor plants or around windows where condensation forms. The moisture collected can be gathered and, with proper filtration and purification, made drinkable.

Finding Outdoor Water Sources in an Emergency

If you’ve exhausted the water sources inside your home, you may need to venture outside. Look for clear, flowing water as moving water is generally the best source. However, some types of standing water are acceptable if carefully treated. Here are some natural and environmental water sources that could provide life-saving water.

Lakes, Streams, Rivers

Lakes, rivers, and streams can be reliable water sources but must be filtered and purified first as these water sources may contain bacteria or harmful chemicals. Label these containers as non-potable until the retrieved water is treated at home.

Learn more about using water from lakes, streams, and rivers

Rainwater

Rainwater is one of the safest external sources of water and can be collected using barrels or other containers. Though typically cleaner than other sources, rainwater should still be filtered and treated before drinking.

Learn more about creating a rain harvesting system

Ground Water

In areas with a high water table, you might access groundwater by digging a shallow pit where water can seep in. However, this method is only feasible in specific regions. Always treat groundwater, as it may contain contaminants like pesticides, bacteria, or chemicals from the surface.

Solar Still

You can create a solar still by digging a hole, placing a container in the center, covering the hole with plastic, and putting a small rock in the center to weigh it down. As the sun heats the area, moisture from the ground and plants will evaporate, collect on the plastic, and drip into the container. Filter the water before drinking.

Snow and Ice

In cold climates, snow and ice are valuable water sources. While consuming small amounts is okay, as a rule it’s important to melt them first, as consuming snow directly can lower your body temperature and cause dehydration. Once melted, treat the water as you would any other external source.

Morning Dew

Morning dew can be collected by wiping down grass, plants, or non-porous surfaces with a clean cloth and wringing the moisture into a container. While it may not provide large quantities of water, in a survival situation, every bit counts. Ensure that the dew is treated by boiling or using purification tablets.

Avoid Unsafe Water Sources During an Emergency

Not all water is safe to drink, especially in emergencies where contamination is common. Here are some water sources to avoid.

Dangers of Contaminated Flood Waters

Floodwater often contains a dangerous mix of sewage, chemicals, and debris, making it extremely unsafe to drink without extensive purification. It’s best to avoid floodwater altogether unless you have no other option and the means to thoroughly purify it.

Why Saltwater is Unsafe Without Desalination

Saltwater from the ocean or brackish water is undrinkable unless desalinated. Drinking saltwater without purification can lead to severe dehydration.

Hazards of Industrial or Agricultural Runoff

Streams or ponds near factories, farms, or mines may be polluted with chemicals or fertilizers. Avoid water from these areas unless you can properly purify it.

Avoid Stagnant Water for Drinking

This is a type of standing water that has been stationary for a long period, leading to potential contamination and hazards. It can become a breeding ground for mosquitoes and other insects and can harbor harmful bacteria and parasites.

Purification Methods to Make Water Safe for Drinking

Having alternative sources of water is important for your emergency preparedness goals. However, It’s crucial to remember that all alternative water sources found outdoors must be treated before drinking. To be safe, use the 2-step process of debris removal using at least a 5-micron filter and pathogen removal using boiling, chemical treatments, or other filtration options.

Learn more about water filtration and purification methods

How to Find Natural Water Sources Near You

Do you have a natural lake or stream in your area? See if this interactive map can help you find natural water resources near you.

Conclusion

Securing safe water during an emergency may be daunting, but with a solid understanding of potential water sources and purification methods, you’ll be well-equipped to meet this critical need. Don’t wait. Identify local water sources now so you’ll know what to do when an emergency strikes. Be ready with purification tools and an understanding of how to use them to purify water should the need arise.