How Fuel Generators Provide Emergency Power
A generator can be a lifesaver during a power outage. During a power outage, having a generator will enable you to use much of the same lighting, heating, and many cooking appliances you already use, lessening the need to fall back on alternative methods. It can also provide electricity to power essentials such as refrigerators and medical equipment. This can help you stay connected, comfortable, and safe during an emergency. Having a generator on hand can give you peace of mind and help you weather the storm with minimal disruption.
Fuel generators can assist you when your home loses electricity. These categories include portable, standby, and whole-home generators. Let's take a look at each.
No Electricity
Portable generators are smaller units that tend to be noisier and produce less power than standby models, the next size up. They are stored away until you need to use them. You can either connect them to your home’s circuit-breaker panel (using a proper transfer switch and professional installation for safety) or you can plug the appliances directly into the generator using heavy-duty extension cords that are rated for outdoor use and have a sufficient wire gauge to handle the electrical load of the appliances.
Most portable generators are designed to run primarily on gasoline, with many models offering dual-fuel options (gasoline and propane); some larger or specialized models may also be available in diesel or natural gas configurations.
Portable gas and propane generators are both available in a wide range of prices, typically from $500 to $4,000. However, propane generators tend to be more expensive than gas generators with similar power output. This is because many propane generators are designed as dual-fuel appliances, capable of running on both propane and gasoline, though this is not universal.
There are two types of portable generators - inverter and conventional.
Inverter Generator
Inverter generators are generally quieter, more fuel-efficient, and produce cleaner power than conventional generators. This makes them better suited for powering sensitive electronic devices and for use in situations where noise levels need to be kept low. However, they are also generally more expensive than conventional generators.
Brands include Briggs & Stratton, Champion, WEN, Honda, Westinghouse, and Predator.
Conventional Generator
Conventional generators are generally less expensive and are built with rugged components designed to handle continuous heavy loads, making them suitable for extended use during prolonged outages. However, they generally operate at higher noise levels compared to inverter models and often require more regular maintenance, including oil changes and spark plug inspections.
Brands include DuroMax, Champion, and Westinghouse.
No Electricity
A standby generator is a backup electrical system that operates automatically. Within seconds of a utility outage, an automatic transfer switch senses power loss, commands the generator to start, and then transfers the electrical load to the generator.
It can power the circuits that are integrated into your home’s electrical system via a transfer switch, which may be connected to your main panel or a dedicated sub-panel based on the installation design. You can choose which circuits to redirect based on your needs during a power outage. Commonly redirected circuits include essentials such as refrigerators and heating systems.
The price of standby generators can vary widely depending on their size and features. On average, a lower-capacity unit might cost anywhere from $2,000 to $5,000, not including installation. Higher-capacity models often cost considerably more, with installation adding to the total expense.
Standby brands include Generac, Briggs & Stratton, and Champion.
No Electricity
Whole-home generators are permanently installed by a professional and are contained in a housing that helps reduce operational noise. They are designed to provide electricity to your entire home during a power outage. They are powered by robust engines—available in various fuel types such as natural gas, propane, or diesel—that automatically start when the power goes off.
The average generator unit might cost around $9,000, although prices can vary from approximately $4,000 to $25,000. Installation and additional equipment, such as transfer switches, may add to the total cost.
Whole Home brands include Generac, Briggs & Stratton, and Cummins.
Frequently Asked Questions
Is a fuel generator right for you?
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What type of fuel do most portable generators use?
Most portable generators use gasoline, though some models run on propane, diesel, or natural gas. Dual-fuel generators allow switching between gas and propane.
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How much power do I need from a fuel generator?
To cover essentials like lights, refrigerator, and phone chargers, a generator with at least 3,000–5,000 watts is typically sufficient. Calculate your total wattage needs before purchasing.
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Can I use a fuel-powered generator indoors?
No. Never operate a fuel-powered generator indoors or in enclosed spaces due to the risk of deadly carbon monoxide buildup. Use generators outdoors only, at least 20 feet from windows and doors.
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How long can I store fuel for an emergency generator?
Gasoline typically lasts 3–6 months without additives. With stabilizers, it can last up to a year. Propane can last indefinitely if stored properly. Rotate your stored fuel to keep it fresh.
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What safety precautions should I take with fuel generators?
Follow all manufacturer instructions, use generators outdoors, install carbon monoxide detectors, never refuel a hot generator, and store fuel in approved containers away from living areas.
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How do I choose between an inverter generator and a conventional generator?
Both generators are portable but vary in terms of operation and cost. Inverter generators are quieter, more fuel-efficient, and provide clean power ideal for sensitive electronics, but they tend to cost more. Conventional generators are more affordable and better suited for powering heavy loads over long periods, but they are louder and require more maintenance. Choose based on your noise tolerance, budget, and the types of devices you need to power.
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How does a standby generator know when to turn on?
Standby generators are connected to your home’s electrical system through an automatic transfer switch. When the power goes out, the switch detects the interruption and signals the generator to start automatically—usually within seconds—ensuring a seamless transition to backup power without any manual intervention.
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What is a whole-home generator system and how does it work?
A whole-home generator system is permanently installed and wired directly into your home’s electrical panel. It can power your entire house or selected circuits during an outage. These systems are fueled by natural gas or propane and work with an automatic transfer switch to start up instantly when the grid fails—no setup or refueling needed during emergencies.