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How to Heat Your Home When the Power Goes Out

Being prepared with alternative heating devices in your home is worth the investment should your electricity go out during cold months. Many homes rely on electricity to power the home's heating system. If yours is one of them, you will be out of luck. Other types of heating devices can be used to provide warmth and comfort for you and your family. But remember, always follow safety precautions and instructions when using alternative heating devices in your home to avoid carbon monoxide poisoning.

Alternative Heating Sources
For Indoor & Outdoor Use
fireplace

Fireplaces

Firewood or Gas

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fireplace insert

Fireplace Inserts

Vented Firewood or Gas

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wood stove

Wood Stoves

with Venting Kit

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gas space heater

Gas Space Heaters

Kerosene and Propane

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canned heat stove heater

VESTA Indoor Space Heater & Stove

Warms & Cooks

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hand and body warmers

Hand & Body Warmers

Various

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Alternative Heat Sources
For Outdoor Use Only
Outdoor Fireplace

Outdoor Fireplaces

Multi-Fuel Sources

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Portable Firepit

Portable Firepits

Multi-Fuel Sources

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Gas Patio Heaters

Gas Patio Heaters

Propane, Natural Gas

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Alternative Heating Sources
Which Options Are Right For You?

Fireplaces

If you have a gas fireplace, you shouldn’t have any problems using your fireplace in a power outage, as long as none of its essential components (such as ignition systems or blowers) require electricity. If you have a wood-burning fireplace, you have a great source of alternative warmth should the electricity go out. Besides using InstaFire, which is a fast and easy solution, being able to successfully use your fireplace everyday requires stocking up on firewood.

You may already be set to do this. If not, this will take a bit of planning on your part. Here are some tips to consider.

Seasoned Wood

The moisture content of wood affects efficiency. Make sure to use properly seasoned firewood for optimal burning. If you are seasoning it yourself, make sure you have the proper wood harvesting knowledge, skill, and tools including a wood saw or chainsaw, and the correct method of splitting, stacking, and covering the wood to allow proper air circulation. If not, you'll have to buy it pre-seasoned and ready to go.

Storage

Maintain a meaningful amount of firewood in storage so it will be there when you need it. Rotate through it and replace it when you can and use the FIFO method.

Tools

If you are planning on using firewood as one of your main fuel sources, here are tools you will want to have on hand: fireplace tool set (ash shovel, poker, etc.), fireplace bellows, ash bucket, hearth wood rack, firewood carrier, and outdoor wood rack.

Safety

Make sure to follow all safety guidelines when using a wood-burning fireplace, including having your chimney inspected and cleaned regularly.

Note: If you have a wood-burning or gas open fireplace with no glass enclosure, your open fireplace can be very inefficient, often operating at less than 15% efficiency due to significant heat loss through the chimney. If you would like to make your fireplace work more efficiently, especially if it will be one of your main sources of heat during a power outage, you may want to consider adding a fireplace insert. A properly installed fireplace insert can boost efficiency considerably, often bringing it up to around 60-75%, resulting in more available heat and less fuel consumption - see next.

Fireplace Inserts

A fireplace insert is a self-contained metal box with a glass front that is installed inside an existing open-hearth fireplace. They burn more efficiently and trap the heat, which provides more heat for your home. This helps you save money on heating costs. Fireplace inserts are zone heaters, meaning they heat specific areas of your home where people spend most of their time. There are two different categories of inserts: vented and ventless. Let's look at vented inserts and see how they can help keep you warmer than a traditional fireplace.

Vented Inserts

Vented inserts are boxes that are placed inside your existing fireplace and connect to your flue and chimney structure. Once installed, you use your fireplace much like before. The key difference is in efficiency—they are designed to convert fuel into usable heat more effectively, though actual performance can vary based on installation and design.

For Wood-Burning Fireplaces

A wood-burning insert will make your wood-burning fireplace more efficient. You simply light the wood and kindling as you normally would, and the insert will help increase the heat available by reducing heat loss.

If you are interested in switching from wood to gas, a gas fireplace insert can be retrofitted into your existing wood-burning fireplace. Gas fireplaces have several advantages over traditional wood-burning fireplaces, including convenience. With a gas fireplace, there is no need for wood cutting, stacking, or storage. They turn off instantly and are easier to keep clean.

COST

The cost of installing a wood-burning fireplace insert into a traditional wood-burning fireplace can vary depending on the size, style, and features of the insert, as well as the cost of installation. This can vary between $700 to $6,500 or so. Having a solid brick foundation already in place might reduce some installation costs.

The cost of converting a wood-burning fireplace to gas can vary depending on the type of gas fireplace you want to convert it to. Costs range from $500 to $5,000.

For Gas Fireplaces

A gas insert can similarly improve the efficiency of an existing gas fireplace. It is designed to maximize heat output, but some heat loss is inevitable. They require little maintenance and are easy to use.

COST

The cost of a vented gas fireplace insert can vary depending on the size, type, and features. Without installation, costs range from $2,500 to $3,500 for the unit alone. Keep in mind that installation costs and any necessary modifications to your gas line or chimney will add to the overall cost.

Seek professional installation

Due to various placement conditions and other considerations, it is best not to install an insert yourself. Professional installation is recommended.

NOTE: With emergency preparedness in mind, consider selecting a wood-burning or gas insert that minimizes reliance on electricity. Some models feature components such as blowers or remote controls that require power, but these features are not essential for safe operation.

Wood Stoves

A wood stove is a freestanding wood heater usually made of cast iron or steel. It has a closed fire chamber, a fire brick base, and adjustable air control. They are designed to burn firewood efficiently and produce heat for a room or home. If your home does not have a fireplace, installing a wood stove may be the next best thing. There are benefits to burning wood in a wood stove rather than in a fireplace.

Generally, wood stoves are more efficient, meaning they often require less wood to generate comparable heat output than a traditional open fireplace (though efficiency depends on various factors). This is because wood stoves have closed combustion systems that radiate heat from all sides and transfer this heat out into the room. In contrast, many traditional fireplaces can lose a significant portion of heat through the chimney, although the exact loss varies with design and use.

Buying & installation

Wood burning Stoves come in different sizes, styles, efficiency, and price. Wood-burning stoves are available at home improvement, farm supply, and wood stove retailer locations. When looking for a wood stove, find a brand that has been tested for safety and has received certification.

A professional knows the local codes and regulations and will help you determine the best location for your stove based on the layout of your home and the type of stove you choose and will ensure proper ventilation and clearance. While professional installation is generally recommended for safety and compliance, experienced homeowners may be able to perform the installation themselves if allowed by local regulations.

Cost

The initial cost of purchase and installation can be high. The sticker price of an installed wood stove starts at around $1,500 and can get as high as about $5,000. On average, a wood stove, including installation, will cost $3,000 to $3,500. You must also factor in the cost of wood if you are not harvesting it yourself.

Extra costs that may arise - The flooring underneath the wood stove must first be prepared for its weight. This may require strengthening joists, rebuilding the subfloor, or pouring a small concrete-like slab. Due to the immense heat produced by the wood stove, a fire-resistant hearth should be built below the wood stove. If the wood stove is installed near a wall, a heat shield must be placed to protect the wall.

Each brand has unique features and benefits, so research and compare the options to find the best wood-burning stove for your specifications. Brands include Timberwolf, Nova, Ashley Hearth, Drolet, and US Stove.

Gas Space Heaters

Kerosene and propane heaters are primary home-heating fuels in many countries. In the United States, they are more commonly used as supplemental heat or as an emergency heat source during cold weather and power outages. Using a fuel-based space heater indoors can be an effective way to stay warm, especially when the power is out. Many models are designed to operate without relying on household electricity, so they can still function during outages. Some modern units, however, include electric ignition or electronic controls.

Propane and kerosene heaters each have their own characteristics, advantages, and disadvantages. Depending on the size of the fuel tank and the heater’s output, both types can often run for many hours per day when properly fueled and maintained.

Kerosene

On the upside, kerosene has a higher heat content per gallon than propane, so a given volume of fuel can provide a lot of heat and longer run times. However, it is heavier to handle, has a stronger odor, and typically requires larger storage containers or tanks.

If using a kerosene heater, always refer to your heater’s manual to confirm the appropriate fuel grade - 1-K kerosene is commonly recommended - and never use gasoline or any unapproved fuel. Learn more about storing kerosene.

Cost - The average cost of purchasing a kerosene space heater can range from approximately $50 to $500, depending on size, features, and brand. Common brands include Dyna-Glo, Sengoku, Mr. Heater, DuraHeat, and Remington.

Propane

Propane heaters are popular because propane is widely available, relatively affordable, and burns cleaner with less odor than kerosene. Propane cylinders are also lighter and easier to handle than large kerosene tanks, though propane typically doesn’t offer quite as much heat per gallon. Learn more about storing propane.

Cost - The average cost of purchasing a propane space heater can range from approximately $10 to $600, depending on the model, BTU rating, and features. Brands include Dyna-Glo, Comfort Glow, Mr. Heater, Bluegrass Living, and Remington.

Safety

Propane and kerosene space heaters can be used indoors only if they are specifically rated and approved for indoor use and all safety instructions are followed. Many other models are intended for outdoor, garage, or workshop use only and should never be used inside a home. Basic safety guidelines include:

  • Use the right heater in the right place: Only use heaters indoors that are clearly labeled for indoor use and meet local codes and never use outdoor-only or construction heaters inside living spaces.

  • Clearances: Place heaters several feet away from blankets, curtains, furniture, and other flammable items.

  • Stable placement: Use heaters only on a flat, level surface to reduce tipping risk.

  • Carbon monoxide protection: Install a carbon monoxide detector in your home and test it regularly. It will alert you if dangerous levels begin to build up, giving you time to shut off the heater and ventilate the area.

  • Ventilation: Follow the manufacturer’s instructions for ventilation. Some units require a slightly open window or door to ensure adequate fresh air.

  • Fire preparedness: Keep a fire extinguisher nearby and make sure household members know how to use it.

  • Supervision: Always follow the manufacturer’s guidance regarding unattended use. Even if a heater has safety shut-offs, many models are not intended to run while you are asleep or away from home.

By choosing a heater that’s properly rated for indoor use, following the instructions closely, and using good ventilation and monitoring, propane and kerosene space heaters can provide valuable backup warmth during cold-weather emergencies.

By choosing a heater that’s properly rated for indoor use, following the instructions closely, and using good ventilation and monitoring, propane and kerosene space heaters can provide valuable backup warmth during cold-weather emergencies.

VESTA Indoor Space Heater & Stove

Vesta from InstaFire™ is a lightweight, self-powered indoor and outdoor heater, and stove combo. It works well as an indoor space heater for small spaces, and can cook meals using the same fuel, all at the same time. It is a perfect addition to your emergency preps because no electricity is needed. The Vesta is designed to run specifically on InstaFire 6-hour canned heat, a special blend of chafing fuel that heats quickly and is formulated to be low in emissions.

Other brands of canned heat that are compatible with indoor use can be used as well, though they strongly suggest using their brand. At least one can is required to run the Vesta but up to three cans can be used for better results.

How it works

Once a can is lit, it takes up to three minutes for the fan to start spinning. It takes another five to eight minutes to reach its full speed and emit maximum heat. At that point, the fan will blow three to four miles per hour, like a small space heater.

As a space heater, the Vesta can warm up an area as large as 200 square feet in size. One can last from 2 to 6 hours. As a stove, you can boil water and cook meals. Although the chafing fuel is designed to be low in harmful emissions, it is important to provide adequate ventilation in any room where it is in use, just as with any combustion-based cooking device.

Where to buy: The Vesta is available for purchase online from the maker's website.

Hand & Body Warmers

Hand and body warmers are an important part of emergency preps, especially in cold weather when the electricity goes out. They provide instant, long-lasting warmth to your body and extremities, helping to protect you from the cold. They are generally considered safe and non-toxic; while many are marketed as odorless, some users may notice a slight scent when activated. They can provide warmth for several hours, helping you stay comfortable until the power is restored, or other heating sources become available.

Based on specific brands, the temperatures reached by these warmers can vary from a minimum of 104°F to as high as 149°F (measured at the surface), so be sure to read the documentation or packaging carefully to select the best option for your needs.

There are three types: disposable, rechargeable, and reusable. Let’s look at each.

Disposable

Disposable hand and body warmers are small single-use packets that produce heat on demand to warm cold hands or other body parts. You place them in your gloves or adhere them directly to clothing and jackets. They contain iron, water, salt, carbon, cellulose, and vermiculite. When exposed to air, iron reacts with oxygen and forms iron oxide, also known as rust. The heat generated typically lasts until the iron is consumed, which is often around 12 hours.

Disposable hand and body warmers may last anywhere from 7 to 24 hours, depending on the brand and conditions. Brands include HotHands, Grabber, and World-Bio. Prices range from around $6 for a pack of 10 to $24 for a pack of 40.

Rechargeable

Rechargeable hand and body warmers are battery powered. Like disposables, you can slip them into your gloves or pockets to keep you warm. But unlike disposable ones, you can use these warmers again and again by simply recharging the batteries.

Rechargeable hand and body warmers last for battery life depending on brand and model. Variations are from 8 to 15 hours. Brands include Ocoopa, Zippo, Beskar, Karecel, and Gutimo. Most cost between $10 and $50. The most affordable rechargeable hand warmers typically have a 5000 mAh capacity or lower and range from $10 to $18.

Reusable

Reusable hand and body warmers contain a supersaturated solution of sodium acetate that releases heat when it crystallizes. The solution is stored in a packet with a small metal strip. When the metal strip is bent, it triggers the formation of crystals within the hand warmer. As the crystals spread, heat is released from the stored solution.

To reuse these hand warmers, you need to boil the packet in water to melt the crystals back into a liquid. This process restores the solution to its supersaturated state, allowing it to be used again. Unlike disposable hand warmers, reusable hand warmers do not contain iron. Instead, they rely on the heat released by the crystallization of sodium acetate to provide warmth.

Reusable hand and body warmers typically provide heat for approximately 30 to 60 minutes, though many commonly provide closer to 20-30 minutes in typical conditions - depending on the product. Brands include HotSnapZ and Zippo. Brands cost between $10 and $30, usually with more than one per package.

Add to your grab & go bag

Hand and body warmers make a great addition to your evacuation kit. They are lightweight, won't take up a lot of room, and will help keep you warm should you be outside for any length of time.

Outdoor Fireplaces

Got a backyard fireplace? If so, it’s a great option to keep your family warm should there be an extended power outage in your area. Just make sure to stock up on the right kind of fuel to match the fuel needs of your fireplace. Traditional masonry use firewood, charcoal, InstaFire, or other biomass. Hydrocarbon-fueled use propane and natural gas - while you don’t ‘store’ natural gas, regular checkups are necessary in making sure you’ve got a steady gas supply.

If you’re lucky enough to have a backyard fireplace, don’t let it go to waste in an emergency. Be proactive now to ensure you have the fuel ready and waiting!

Portable Firepits

A portable firepit can be a triple-duty lifesaver in an emergency. It gives you a way to cook (when certified for cooking), adds light to your outdoor space, and keeps you warm when the temperature drops. Fuel types vary depending on the firepit: wood-burning models use seasoned hardwood or biomass briquettes, while propane versions provide an easy-to-control flame from refillable tanks. Be sure to use only the fuel recommended by the manufacturer - and store extra for emergencies to help keep your family warm.

What to consider when purchasing

BTU

This measures how much thermal energy something emits. Look for one that offers the most heat using this measurement.

Type of firepit

Wood burning pits are often praised for their high heat output because burning wood can produce intense flames. If you want to avoid the hassle of smoke, ashes, and maintenance, you might consider choosing a gas fire pit instead. They may not burn as hot but are still a great option for warmth and are easy to light and control. They also come in a variety of styles, including fire tables and fire bowls.

Built-in or portable

A major consideration in deciding between a permanent vs. portable fire pit is how much space you have. Built-ins take up a lot more room because you must consider not only the firepit itself but also the seating surrounding it. If you have the space, this is a great option. Portable firepits, on the other hand, are more versatile and can be moved around your outdoor space as needed. They also come in a variety of styles and sizes, so you can choose one that fits your needs and preferences.

Double Duty Firepit

There are certain types of portable fire pits that are designed to work well for both heat and cooking. Some require propane and others work with traditional firewood or charcoal briquettes. Popular brands include BioLite FirePit+, Primus Kamoto OpenFire Large, Breeo Y-Series, Winnerwell Large Flatfold, Wolf, and Grizzly Campfire Trio.

Gas Patio Heaters

Gas patio heaters can provide warmth and comfort to outdoor spaces during cooler weather. These heaters typically run on either propane or natural gas. Gas is piped through a hose or internal line and ignited in a burner at the top (or front) of the heater to produce a warming flame or radiant heat. Most models operate without the need for household electricity, though some may feature battery-powered ignitors or electronic controls. When buying a gas patio heater, consider the type of fuel you want to use, the size of your patio, and the BTUs needed to heat the space.

Outdoor use only

Gas patio heaters are designed for outdoor use or very open, well-ventilated areas. Because they burn fuel and produce carbon monoxide and other combustion gases, they should never be used in enclosed spaces such as homes, garages, or tightly enclosed patios.

Natural Gas Patio Heaters

Natural gas heaters offer long-term cost savings and are relatively easy to maintain. These heaters are connected directly to your home’s natural gas line and provide continuous heat for as long as needed. Natural gas patio heaters are typically permanent installations and are not portable. They are a good fit for spaces where you have a fixed seating or dining area and want a "set it and forget it" heat source.

Natural gas patio heaters can vary in price depending on size, design, and efficiency. Typical price ranges are around $200 and $1,500 for most residential models. It can cost $2,000 or more for larger, more efficient units, such as infrared heaters. Top brands include ANNVA, LZZ, Sunpak, and Highland.

Propane Patio Heaters

Propane heaters offer warmth and portability. Freestanding models usually have a wide base that houses a removable propane (LPG) cylinder, often a standard 20 lb tank, which connects to the heater via an internal hose and regulator. Smaller tabletop models use 1 lb or smaller cylinders. Learn more about storing propane.

Propane patio heaters vary in price based on size, design, and efficiency. Typical price ranges are around $100 to $500 for most residential patio models. Top brands include Texsport, AmazonBasics, Fire Sense, Mr. Heater, and AZ Patio Heaters.

Safety

When using a gas patio heater, follow these safety guidelines to minimize the risk of accidents:

  • Outdoor use only: Use gas patio heaters only outdoors or in very open, well-ventilated areas - never in enclosed rooms or garages.

  • Clearances: Keep your heater away from walls, ceilings, overhangs, furniture, plants, fabric, and other flammable materials. Follow the manufacturer’s clearance recommendations.

  • Stable surface: Place the heater on a flat, level surface to reduce the risk of tipping.

  • Check for leaks: Regularly inspect hoses, connections, and tanks for damage or gas leaks (using soapy water on connections as recommended by the manufacturer).

  • Supervision: Follow the manufacturer’s instructions for lighting and shut-down, and never leave a running heater unattended.

  • Child and pet safety: Keep children and pets away from the heater and hot surfaces.

  • Fire preparedness: Always have a fire extinguisher within reach in case of emergencies.

  • Ventilation: Ensure proper ventilation, especially in partially enclosed spaces, since gas patio heaters can release carbon monoxide.

Frequently Asked Questions

What alternative warming methods are right for you?